ASP.NET Core Identity自定義數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)結(jié)構(gòu)和完全使用Dapper而非EntityFramework Core

前言

原本本節(jié)內(nèi)容是不存在的，出于有幾個(gè)人問(wèn)到了我：我想使用ASP.NET Core
Identity，但是我又不想使用默認(rèn)生成的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表，想自定義一套，我想要使用ASP.NE Core Identity又不想使用EntityFramework
Core。真難伺候，哈哈，不過(guò)我認(rèn)為這個(gè)問(wèn)題提出的非常有價(jià)值，所以就私下花了點(diǎn)時(shí)間看下官網(wǎng)資料，最終經(jīng)過(guò)嘗試還是搞出來(lái)了，不知道是否滿(mǎn)足問(wèn)過(guò)我這個(gè)問(wèn)題的幾位童鞋，廢話(huà)少說(shuō)，我們直接進(jìn)入主題吧。

ASP.NET Core Identity自定義數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表結(jié)構(gòu)


別著急哈，我是那種從頭講到尾的人，博文基本上面向大眾，沒(méi)什么基礎(chǔ)的和有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的都能看明白，也不要嫌棄我啰嗦，好，我說(shuō)完了，開(kāi)始，開(kāi)始，又說(shuō)了一大堆。大部分情況下對(duì)于默認(rèn)情況下我們都是繼承自默認(rèn)的身份有關(guān)的類(lèi)，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CusomIdentityDbContext :
IdentityDbContext<CustomIdentityUser, CustomIdentityRole,string> { /// <summary>
/// /// </summary> /// <param name="options"></param> public
CusomIdentityDbContext(DbContextOptions<CusomIdentityDbContext> options) : base
(options) { } }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomIdentityUser
: IdentityUser { }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class
CustomIdentityRole : IdentityRole { }
然后添加身份中間件，最后開(kāi)始遷移，如下：
services.AddIdentity<CustomIdentityUser, IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<CusomIdentityDbContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders(); services.AddDbContextPool
<CusomIdentityDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("Default")));



以上是默認(rèn)為我們生成的數(shù)據(jù)表，我們可以指定用戶(hù)表主鍵、可以修改表名、列名等等，以及在此基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)展屬性都是可以的，但是我們就是不想使用這一套，需要自定義一套表來(lái)管理用戶(hù)身份信息，那么我們?cè)撊绾巫瞿?？其?shí)呢，官網(wǎng)給了提示，

如下鏈接：
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity-custom-storage-providers?view=aspnetcore-2.2

<https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/authentication/identity-custom-storage-providers?view=aspnetcore-2.2>
，只是說(shuō)的不是很明確，然后有些童鞋就不知所措了，就是那么幾個(gè)Store，自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)就好了，來(lái)，我們走一個(gè)。我們首先自定義用戶(hù)，比如如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class User { /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string UserName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public
string Password { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public string
Phone {get; set; } }
我們?cè)賮?lái)定義上下文，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomDbContext : DbContext { ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="options"></param> public
CustomDbContext(DbContextOptions<CustomDbContext> options) :base(options) { }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; } }
接下來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)IUserStore以及UserPasswordStore接口，接口太多，就全部折疊了
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserStore :
IUserStore<User>, IUserPasswordStore<User> { private readonly CustomDbContext
context;/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="context"></param>
public CustomUserStore(CustomDbContext context) { this.context = context; } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing"></param> protected
virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing) { context?.Dispose(); } }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="userId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<User>
FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="normalizedUserName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
/// <returns></returns> public Task<User> FindByNameAsync(string
normalizedUserName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetPasswordHashAsync(User user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetUserNameAsync(User user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(User user,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(User user, string
normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="user"></param> /// <param name="passwordHash"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetPasswordHashAsync(User user,string passwordHash, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param name="userName"></param>
/// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task SetUserNameAsync(User user,string userName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="user"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(User user, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } } View Code
我們還要用到用戶(hù)角色表，自定義用戶(hù)角色
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserRole { /// <summary>
/// /// </summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public string UserId { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string RoleId { get; set; } }
接下來(lái)再來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)用戶(hù)角色Store，如下：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomUserRoleStore :
IRoleStore<CustomUserRole> { /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(CustomUserRole
role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(CustomUserRole
role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public void
Dispose() {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="roleId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomUserRole> FindByIdAsync(string roleId, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="normalizedRoleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomUserRole> FindByNameAsync(string normalizedRoleName,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetRoleIdAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw
new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,
string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="roleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetRoleNameAsync(CustomUserRole role,string roleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(CustomUserRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } }
簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)就是根據(jù)需要，看看要不要實(shí)現(xiàn)如下幾個(gè)Store罷了

* IUserRoleStore
* IUserClaimStore
* IUserPasswordStore
* IUserSecurityStampStore
* IUserEmailStore
* IPhoneNumberStore
* IQueryableUserStore
* IUserLoginStore
* IUserTwoFactorStore
* IUserLockoutStore
然后對(duì)于根據(jù)選擇自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)的Store都進(jìn)行注冊(cè)，然后進(jìn)行遷移，如下：
services.AddIdentity<CustomUser, CustomUserRole>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders(); services.AddDbContextPool<CustomDbContext>(options
=> options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("Default")));
services.AddTransient<IUserStore<CustomUser>, CustomUserStore>();


?


沒(méi)什么難題，還是那句話(huà)，自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)一套，不過(guò)是實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)置的Store，其他通過(guò)定義的上下文正常去管理用戶(hù)即可。然后什么登陸、注冊(cè)之類(lèi)只需要將對(duì)應(yīng)比如UserManager泛型參數(shù)替換成對(duì)應(yīng)比如如上CustomUser即可，這個(gè)就不用多講了。接下來(lái)我們?cè)賮?lái)看第二個(gè)問(wèn)題，如何不使用EntityFramework而是完全使用Dapper。

完全使用Dapper而不使用EntityFramework Core


其實(shí)講解完上述第一個(gè)問(wèn)題，這個(gè)就迎刃而解了，我們已經(jīng)完全實(shí)現(xiàn)了自定義一套表，第一個(gè)問(wèn)題操作表是通過(guò)上下文，我們只需將上下文更換為Dapper即可，如上我們定義了用戶(hù)角色表，那我們通過(guò)Dapper實(shí)現(xiàn)角色表，如下定義角色：
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class CustomRole { /// <summary> ///
/// </summary> public string Id { get; set; } /// <summary> /// /// </summary>
public string Name { get; set; } } /// <summary> /// /// </summary> public class
CustomRoleStore : IRoleStore<CustomRole> { private readonly IConfiguration
configuration;private readonly string connectionString; /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="configuration"></param> public
CustomRoleStore(IConfiguration configuration) {this.configuration =
configuration; connectionString= configuration.GetConnectionString("Default"); }
/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public async
Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();using (var
connection =new SqlConnection(connectionString)) { await
connection.OpenAsync(cancellationToken); role.Id= await
connection.QuerySingleAsync<string>($@"INSERT INTO [CustomRole] ([Id],[Name])
VALUES (@{Guid.NewGuid().ToString()} @{nameof(CustomRole.Name)}); SELECT
CAST(SCOPE_IDENTITY() as varchar(36))", role); } return IdentityResult.Success;
}/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> public void Dispose() { throw new NotImplementedException(); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="roleId"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomRole> FindByIdAsync(string roleId, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="normalizedRoleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<CustomRole> FindByNameAsync(string normalizedRoleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task<string>
GetRoleIdAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task<string> GetRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,
CancellationToken cancellationToken) {return Task.FromResult(role.Name); } ///
<summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="normalizedName"></param> /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param> ///
<returns></returns> public Task SetNormalizedRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,
string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new
NotImplementedException(); }/// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param
name="role"></param> /// <param name="roleName"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public Task
SetRoleNameAsync(CustomRole role,string roleName, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } /// <summary> /// ///
</summary> /// <param name="role"></param> /// <param
name="cancellationToken"></param> /// <returns></returns> public
Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(CustomRole role, CancellationToken
cancellationToken) {throw new NotImplementedException(); } }
別忘記每自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)Store，然后進(jìn)行對(duì)應(yīng)注冊(cè)
services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<CustomRole>, CustomRoleStore>();
總結(jié)

這里已經(jīng)提供了完全自定義實(shí)現(xiàn)一套表和不使用EntityFramework
Core完全使用Dapper的思路，重申一句官網(wǎng)給出了幾個(gè)Store，只是未明確說(shuō)明而已，稍微思考并動(dòng)手驗(yàn)證，其實(shí)問(wèn)題不大。

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